Auditory and visual p300 potential as biomarkers in patients with Alzheimer’s type dementia

Korent, Bruna (avtor), Pirtošek, Zvezdan (mentor), Sladky, Ronald (komentor)

The most common cause of progressive neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly individuals is Alzheimer’s disease. Due to the rapidly ageing population, this disease is becoming a growing social and economic burden. Unfortunately, molecular underpinnings are not fully explained and no cure has been discovered yet, thus early diagnosis in the nascent stages of the disease is of crucial importance to enable patients and their family to prepare for the future in time, and to start with the disease modifying therapy. Various promising biomarkers in preclinical stages of AD have been suggested, and among them EEG proves as an appealing potential method for understanding AD. This noninvasive, cost-effective tool has been used for several decades, however, there is a need for its reappraisal or critical validation as a proposed method. This thesis presents a cross-sectional pilot study on the use of one of the event-related potentials, P3, in differentiating healthy elderly people from people with the probable Alzheimer’s type dementia. The study aimed to answer the following research question: which combination or individual parameter of P3 (latency or amplitude), what type of stimuli (frequent, target, distractor), and which modality (auditory or visual) of the oddball task is best for significant differentiation between a patient with probable AD and a healthy individual. Results showed that the variables that statistically significantly contributed (p < 0.05) to the clarification of the model were the visual amplitude of targets, the auditory latency of targets, and the visual amplitude of frequent stimuli. This model correctly classified 87.7 % participants in total.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: neurodegenerative disorders
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100630
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11961673
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.04.2018

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Naslov: Slušni in vidni p300 potencial kot biomarker pri bolnikih z demenco Azheimerjevega tipa

Izvleček

Najpogostejši vzrok nevrodegenerativnih bolezni pri starejših je Alzheimerjeva bolezen. Zaradi hitro starajočega prebivalstva ta bolezen predstavlja rastočo socialno in gospodarsko grožnjo. Molekularni temelji še niso povsem pojasnjeni in do sedaj še ni bilo uveljavljenega učinkovitega zdravila, zato je zgodnje odkrivanje te bolezni ključnega pomena pri opolnomočevanju bolnikov in njihovih družinskih članov za pripravo na prihodnje življenje ter ključno tudi za začetek lajšanja simptomov. V raziskavah predkliničnih stopenj Alzheimerjeve bolezni so predlagali različne obetavne biomarkerje in med njimi se elektroencefalografija dokazuje kot odlično neinvazivno in cenovno dostopno orodje, a jo je treba kot biomarker še potrebno validirati. Sledeča magistrska teza predstavlja presečno pilotno raziskavo z raziskovalnim vprašanjem: katera kombinacija ali posamezni parameter vala P300 (latenca, amplituda), kakšna vrsta dražljaja (pogosti dražljaj, tarčni dražljej, distraktor) in katera modalnost (slušna, vidna) oddball naloge je najboljša pri razlikovanju med bolniki s sumom na demenco Alzheimerjevega tipa in zdravimi ljudmi. Rezultati so pokazali, da so k modelu razlikovanja najbolj pomembno (p < 0.05) prispevali naslednji parametri: vidna amplituda tarčnih dražljajev, slušna latenca tarčnih dražljajev in vidna amplituda pogostih dražljajev. Ta model je pravilno razvrstil 87,7% vseh udeležencev.

• Ključne besede: nevrodegenerativne bolezni