Introduction: In modern society there is an increasing number of psychoactive substances. Nurses play important role in treating patients depended on psychoactive substance and influence on the course and outcome of their treatment. Purpose: Purpose of diploma thesis is to introduce the significance of nurses' attitude to patients dependent on substance theoretically. Methods: In diploma thesis we applied descriptive method using a systematic survey of Slovene and foreign professional and scientific literature. Discussion and conclusion: Nurses as performers of medical care have an important role in treating patients dependent on psychoactive substance. It is important for nurses to eliminate prejudice, negative opinions and standpoints having towards patients dependent on psychoactive substance. Only then we can enter into the relationship, evolve and upgrade it through process of treatment. With adequate relationship we gain patient's trust enabling us more efficient work. Key role in treatment is reflected in therapeutic communication which needs to be adapted individually since only with adequate approach and way of communication including a great load of empathy and patience we can eventually influence on changes in patient's behavior, way of thinking, emotions and consequently also the course and outcome of treatment.
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